1. Criminality
Overall criminality | 54 930 | (+2,0%) |
Criminality on 10 thousands inhabitants | 267 | |
Clarified crimes | 25 804 | (+6,1%) |
Clarification in % | 47,0% | (+1,8%) |
The Volume of Criminality in Districts
the highest number of crimes | Brno Zlín |
21 430 (the second highest in CR) 4 185 |
the highest number of crimes /10 thousands inhabitants | Brno Břeclav | 554 269 |
the lowest number of crimes | Vyškov Blansko | 1 413 1 784 |
the highest increase of crimes | Brno Břeclav | +14,6% + 6,1% |
the greatest decrease of crimes | Znojmo Prostějov | -15,2% -14,3% |
Clarification of the criminality in Districts
the highest clarification | Znojmo Hodonín |
64,7% 61,3% |
the lowest clarification | Brno Brno-venkov | 34,9% 41,7% |
the highest increase of clarification | Blansko Znojmo | +7,9% (the highest in the CR) +6,9% (the third highest in the CR) |
the greatest decrease of clarification | Třebíč Brno-venkov |
-1,4% -0,4% |
In 1997 there were 54.930 crimes disclosed in total in the Southern Moravia, which represented the slight increase of 2,0% in comparison with the previous year, which is in accordance with the whole republic development. The Southern Moravia belongs still into regions with the lowest numbers of disclosed crimes according to the conversion on 10 thousands inhabitants (267 crimes). The most of crimes were discovered in Brno-city (21.430 crimes), in the districts of Zlín (4.185 crimes) and Brno-country (3.633 crimes). After the cocnversion on 10 thousands inhabitants Brno still remains on the first place (554 crimes), the district of Břeclav is on the second place (269 crimes) and Brno-country is on the third place (231 crimes). The highest increase of the criminality was in the city of Brno (+14,6%) and in the district of Břeclav (+6,1%).
The number of clarified cases increased of 6,1% and the clarification reached the level of 47%. The district of Znojmo had the highest clarification (64,7%) followed by the district of Hodonín (60,4%). In spite of the fact that the criminality slightly increased this increase was successfully covered by the increased clarification.
In 1996 the city of Brno was included in the complex co-ordination programme of the criminality prevention on the local level in the frame of the criminality prevention.
Offences
200.393 offences (-34.962) was disclosed in the region in 1997. The decline occurred almost in all offences facts of cases, the increased number of offences was discovered only in the field of the alcoholism protection (+341).
Criminal Factors in the Region
The Administration of the Southern Moravia considers risk factors in the region to be as follows: a) the high migration of people from the country (with the high unemployment) to bigger cities, b) the criminality of nationals of Slovakia, who immediately after the crime committment return back (i.e. many times they leave the territory of the Czech Republic even before the crime is disclosed), c) the criminality of other foreigners (an illicit state border crossing, illegal working activities, an organised criminality), d) the location of an asylum camp, where regime measures allow placed persons the free movement in the large surroundings.
Criminality Offenders
2. Security Risks
2a) Risks with the international element, which are directly connected with the stability of the political system
Legal and Illegal Migration
The total number of 63.988.776 persons (-826.605) and 19.182.341 means of transport (+375.703) was checked-in by policemen of units of the Alien and Border Police, the highest numbers of persons and means of transport were checked-in on the borders with Slovakia.
2.828 persons were detained for the illegal crossing of the state borders in total. Approximately 60% of persons were detained for the breaking of the border regime without connection with the migration on the state borders with Austria (nationals of Yugoslavia and Turkey in the dutyfree zone without valid documents). Almost all cases of border crossings on the state borders with Slovakia were connected with the illegal migration. The majority of detained persons came from the former Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Iraq, China nd Turkey. 62 cases of people smuggling (+11) were disclosed, for which 93 persons (-9) were prosecuted. It is committed by organised groups of smugglers, whose technical equipment is on a very high level.
The criminality of the violent, property and economic character is the result of the permanently growing migration of foreigners and their illegal employment. About 25 thousands of so called "illegals" has been moving in the territory of the region according to the estimation of the policemen of the Administration of the Southern Bohemia, 8 - 10 thousands of them work here without the permission of the Czech authorities. Foreigners staying permanently illegally in the region can be found also in the small villages outside the routes of main communications and conurbations. Bigger Vietnamese communities can be currently found in the region, smaller Chinese groups are completed by Mongolian ones. Seasonal groups of mainly illegally hired workers from Ukraine participate increasingly in the property and violent criminality.
The result of above mentioned is that the uncontroled migration of foreign nationals has remained the basic security risk for the Southern Moravia (nationals of the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia predominate), some of them use the Czech Republic as the transit country, the rest stays permanently in the Czech Republic. In 1997 there were 3.341 prohibitions of stay (+1.611) imposed on foreign nationals in total.
Organised Crime
Factors of the organised crime are showed especially in the bigger conurbations: Brno (and the specific district of Brno-country united with it) and Zlín. Offenders are very often foreginers - nationals of the former Yugoslavia, Soviet Union and some Asian states. Organised crime is focused mainly on car thefts followed by their transport to countries of the Eastern Europe, racketeering (debts claiming), the committment of crimes on highways - robbery assaults, claiming of contribution from persons of the former Soviet Union and for the production and distribution of drugs. The latent interest of organised groups for the purchase of enterprises with commercial activities in order to cover the criminality. Information on the drugs distribution are gained recurrently also in small villages and cities. Young people from the secondary schools (especially apprentices) have still remained to be the risk group. Dealers are able to distribute a small quantity of drugs on the financially favourable level as far as to the closest surroundings of youth.
Racist Conflicts
The Southern Moravia has some specifications from the extremism standpoint: numerous Romany communities exist there (mainly Brno, Jihlava), bigger conurbations are centers of extremist movements (Brno, Jihlava, Hodonín, Břeclav, Zlín), however meetings and concerts of their supporting music groups are organised outside centers, the aggressivity of extremist movements members is increasing in proportion to the number of members at the meeting place. Mutual conflicts between anarchists and skinheads in the district of Blansko are the specification of the region, they are provoked mainly by anarchists. In 1997 the number of these conflicts decreased a little because of the disintegration of the leading group of anarchists. The total number of criminally prosecuted persons was 96, 79 of them were the members of the Skinheads movement, 7 anarchists, 8 Romanies and 2 Hooligans.
The police took measures in 74 cases of various actions in total (including actions which were not realized thanks to preventive checks in the places of train and bus communications etc.).
2b) Risks directly affecting the level of citizens consciousness of the protection of their freedoms, heath and property
Criminality of Young People
In 1997 the youth participated in the main kinds of the criminality as follows: the violent criminality 12,4%, (108 robberies, 85 intentional bodily harms, 76 crimes of racketeering), the moral criminality 21,3% (5 violantions, 54 sexual abuses), burglaries 9,7%, simple thefts 8,9%, other criminality 17,9%. 4.653 crimes, i.e. 8,5%, of the overall number of crimes were committed by young people.
According to the Administration of the Southern Moravia the increasing share of youth on the property criminality is caused by their dependence on gambling machines. The trend of robberies, pocket thefts and intentional bodily harms committed by the youth has continued.
Property Criminality
There was the decrease of 554 crimes in the property criminality. The number of burglaries to flats and family houses declined and the clarification increased. (Policemen of the Administration of the Southern Moravia succeeded in the detection of the offender of an extensive serial criminality during which 35 crimes were committed and the damage exceeding 1 mil. CZK was caused).
In 1997 the decline of the criminality concerning cultural sights. Offenders were mainly concentrated on the church buildings and their equipment. A new kind of the criminality appeared in the region, in which offenders are focused on irreplaceable cultural values, such as manuscripts, incunabules and ancient prints, records. The extensive criminality was disclosed the the Moravian Provincial Archives in Brno. Two offenders of thefts of 192 bibliography units in the value exceeding 40 mil. CZK were detained. Titles in the value of 10 mil. CZK were saved. The similar case occurred in the library of the Augustinian Monastery in Brno, where until now unknown offender stole 330 records in the value exceeding 7 mil. CZK. A number of European countries co-operates in the investigation by means of Interpol.
Permanently high criminality is recorded in the sphere of car thefts, mainly in the city of Brno. Caused damages exceed the value of 500 mil. CZK as in 1996. Car thefts are reaching the clear forms of the organised crime, in Brno with the international extent. Organised groups are formed mainly by nationals of the former Yugoslavia. The increasing number of professional offenders from the states of Western Europe has been disclosed. The quality of re-made stolen cars, which are hardly possible to identify, is increasing. Returning back the stolen cars against so called contribution becomes to be a serious problem. Victims do not announce it because of the fear of the offenders revenge very often. This serious crime is not sufficiently legislatively supported. In 1997 there were 54 offenders of this kind of the criminality disclosed and 92 stolen cars detained.
Economic Criminality
In 1997 the repeated increase of the economic criminality occurred - 4.642 crimes (+1.383 crimes) were disclosed, the number of clarified crimes increased on 4.464 crimes (+1.392 crimes) as well. The share of property economic crimes decreased (frauds, thefts, embezzlements), the number of clarified crimes concerning tax evasions grew approximately twice and share of crimes concerning protective trade-marks and author s rights increased considerably.
Violent Criminality
In 1997 there were 42 murders and murder attempts (-12 crimes) recorded in the region. 37 cases were clarified, i.e. 88,1% (+1,1%). 585 robbery assaults were disclosed (+144 crimes), 280 crimes were clarified (+28 crimes), the clarification was 46,5% (-10,6%). The increase of robbery assaults was registered on highways and close car parks and pull-inns. The number of robbery assaults in the petrol stations, during which offenders use the gun threat in most cases grew as well.
Moral Criminality
In comparison with 1996 there was the decline of the number of moral crimes (-50 crimes), the clarification decreased of 1,4% as well. 266 crimes were disclosed in total, the clarification reached 91,4%. Young people have still remarkably participated in the moral criminality especially concerning the sexual abuse. The police succeeded to clarify all 8 cases of procuring and 1 case of women trafficking.
Security of Road Traffic
In comparison with the previous period there was the slight decline of the number of traffic accidents as well as of their consequences. 31.898 traffic accidents (-980) occurred in the region, 247 persons were killed (-44), 1.208 persons were heavily injured (-74) and 5.010 slightly injured (-225). However the contribution of an alcohol consumation before or during driving increased, there were 1.636 cases (+46) in total. In the second half and especially at the end of 1997 the highest decline of traffic accidents occurred. This decline can be assessed as the consequence of the increased number of security traffic actions directed to the control of the speed decline in villages, but also of on the whole favourable weather in the winter months. The high number of young inexperienced drivers participate in traffic accidents from now on as well. These drivers do not often respect the traffic road regulations and overestimate their capabilities and driving skill.
Further Measure and Co-operation
In 1997 there were 768 security actions of the whole republic, districts and also local ones realized in the region in total. The most of them were organised in the district of Uherské Hradiště, Zlín, Brno-city, Břeclav and Znojmo. The direction of actions was mainly preventive - from traffic security actions until actions for the protection of the public order (cultural performances, sport events, meetings of supporters of various movements) and actions for the property protection (week-end houses areas, car parks places etc.). Actions for securing of the run of the Nuclear Power Station Dukovany (the transportation of fuels) had a specific character. Actions connected with floods in the summer months were special ones.
1996 | 1997 | Change in % +/- | |
Disclosed crimes in total | 53 841 | 54 930 | 2,0 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % | 24 327 45,2 | 25 804 47,0 | 6,1 - |
Disclosed damages in total (in thousands CZK) | 3 510 179 | 4 153 934 | 18,3 |
Secured damages | 105 219 | 88 574 | -15,8 |
Common criminality | 46 335 | 46 000 | -0,7 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % | 17 267 37,3 |
17 279 37,6 | 0,1 - |
Violent criminality | 2 902 | 2 995 | 3,2 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % from that: Robberies Murders Intentional health harm | 2 476 85,3 441 53 848 |
2 478 82,7 585 42 778 |
0,1 - 32,7 -20,8 -8,3 |
Moral criminality | 316 | 266 | -15,8 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % from that: Violation | 293 92,7 73 | 243 91,4 83 | -17,1 - 13,7 |
Property criminality | 40 519 | 39 965 | -1,4 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % | 12 004 29,6 | 11 891 29,8 | -0,9 - |
Burglaries | 12 827 | 11 711 | -8,7 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % from that: in flats in week-end houses | 4 066 31,7 1 545 2 964 |
3 773 32,2 1 491 2 755 |
-7,2 - -3,5 -7,1 |
Simple thefts | 24 121 | 24 190 | 0,3 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % from that: motor vehicles objects from cars bicycles pocket thefts Frauds | 5 863 24,3 4 056 7 213 3 852 1 119 1 453 | 5 819 24,1 4 183 7 708 3 134 1 184 1 318 | -0,8 - 3,1 6,9 -18,6 5,8 -9,3 |
Economic criminality | 3 259 | 4 642 | 42,4 |
Clarified crimes i. e. in % from that: frauds embezzlement | 3 072 94,3 1 586 632 |
4 464 96,2 2 353 759 |
45,3 - 48,4 20,1 |
The Southern Moravia - the Development of the Criminality in Separate Districts in 1996 and 1997 | |||||||||||
Year 1996 | Year 1997 | change | |||||||||
Disctrict | disclosed crimes | clarified crimes | quantity./ 10th inhab. | clarification in % | disclosed crimes | clarified crimes | quantity./ 10th inhab. | clarifity in % | disclosed crimes in % | clarifity in % | % of clarifity |
Blansko | 1 903 | 985 | 176 | 51,8 | 1 784 | 1 064 | 165 | 59,6 | -6,3 | 8,0 | 7,9 |
Brno | 18 696 | 6 334 | 481 | 33,9 | 21 430 | 7 485 | 554 | 34,9 | 14,6 | 18,2 | 1,0 |
Brno-venkov | 3 894 | 1 639 | 250 | 42,1 | 3 633 | 1 514 | 231 | 41,7 | -6,7 | -7,6 | -0,4 |
Břeclav | 3 158 | 1 423 | 251 | 45,1 | 3 350 | 1 705 | 269 | 50,9 | 6,1 | 19,8 | 5,8 |
Zlín | 4 265 | 1 789 | 216 | 41,9 | 4 185 | 1 983 | 212 | 47,4 | -1,9 | 10,8 | 5,4 |
Hodonín | 3 651 | 2 041 | 225 | 55,9 | 3 165 | 1 941 | 196 | 61,3 | -13,3 | -4,9 | 5,4 |
Jihlava | 2 471 | 1 402 | 226 | 56,7 | 2 388 | 1 392 | 219 | 58,3 | -3,4 | -0,7 | 1,6 |
Kroměříž | 2 305 | 1 234 | 212 | 53,5 | 2 151 | 1 185 | 198 | 55,1 | -6,7 | -4,0 | 1,6 |
Prostějov | 2 252 | 1 281 | 203 | 56,9 | 1 950 | 1 137 | 177 | 58,3 | -13,4 | -11,2 | 1,4 |
Třebíč | 2 059 | 1 228 | 175 | 59,6 | 2 135 | 1 243 | 181 | 58,2 | 3,7 | 1,2 | -1,4 |
Uherské Hradiště | 2 906 | 1 481 | 199 | 51,0 | 2 852 | 1 559 | 196 | 54,7 | -1,9 | 5,3 | 3,7 |
Vyškov | 1 460 | 768 | 169 | 52,6 | 1 413 | 824 | 163 | 58,3 | -3,2 | 7,3 | 5,7 |
Znojmo | 2 718 | 1 572 | 238 | 57,8 | 2 304 | 1 491 | 202 | 64,7 | -15,2 | -5,2 | 6,9 |
Žďár n. S. | 2 103 | 1 150 | 167 | 54,7 | 2 190 | 1 281 | 174 | 58,5 | 4,1 | 11,4 | 3,8 |
In total | 53 841 | 24 327 | 262 | 45,2 | 54 930 | 25 804 | 267 | 47,0 | 2,0 | 6,1 | 1,8 |
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